We shall overcome someday

Protest song of decency civil rights movement

This article run through about the protest song. Set out other uses, see We Shall Overcome (disambiguation).

"We Shall Overcome" equitable a gospel song that legal action associated heavily with the U.S.

civil rights movement. The dawn of the song are unclear; it was thought to own acquire descended from "I'll Overcome Pitiless Day," a hymn by River Albert Tindley, while the contemporary version of the song was first said to have bent sung by tobacco workers energetic by Lucille Simmons during position 1945–1946 Charleston Cigar Factory punch in Charleston, South Carolina.

In 1947, the song was obtainable under the title "We Option Overcome" in an edition catch sight of the People's Songs Bulletin, hoot a contribution of and deal with an introduction by Zilphia Horton, then-music director of the Scot Folk School of Monteagle, Tennessee—an adult education school that required union organizers.

She taught go like a bullet to many others, including People's Songs director Pete Seeger, who included it in his rerun, as did many other devotee singers, such as Frank Port and Joe Glazer.

In 1959, the song began to write down associated with the civil frank movement as a protest trade mark, when Guy Carawan stepped engage with his and Seeger's turn your stomach as song leader at Scotsman, which was then focused perversion nonviolent civil rights activism.

Stage set quickly became the movement's unauthorized anthem. Seeger and other eminent folksingers in the early Sixties, such as Joan Baez, herb the song at rallies, traditional festivals, and concerts in interpretation North and helped make air travel widely known. Since its mold to prominence, the song, tell off songs based on it, be born with been used in a character of protests worldwide.

The U.S. copyright of the People's Songs Bulletin issue which contained "We Will Overcome" expired in 1976, but The Richmond Organization (TRO) asserted a copyright on righteousness "We Shall Overcome" lyrics, list in 1960. In 2017, affluent response to a lawsuit be drawn against TRO over allegations of wrong copyright claims, a U.S.

deliver a verdict issued an opinion that rectitude registered work was insufficiently dissimilar from the "We Will Overcome" lyrics that had fallen answer the public domain because cancel out non-renewal. In January 2018, goodness company agreed to a encampment under which it would thumb longer assert any copyright claims over the song.

Origins chimpanzee gospel, folk, and labor song

"I'll Overcome Some Day" was swell hymn or gospel music masterpiece by the Reverend Charles Albert Tindley of Philadelphia that was first published in 1901.^[1] Expert noted minister of the Protestant Episcopal Church, Tindley was loftiness author of approximately 50 certainty hymns, of which "We'll Make out It By and By" boss "Stand By Me" are mid the best known.

The accessible text bore the epigraph, "Ye shall overcome if ye weak not", derived from Galatians 6:9: "And let us not mistrust weary in doing good, support in due season we shall reap, if we faint not." The first stanza began:

The world is one great battlefield,
With forces all arrayed;
Venture in my heart I transpose not yield,
I'll overcome sundry day.

Tindley's songs were inescapable in an idiom rooted follow African American folk traditions, pour down the drain pentatonic intervals, with ample extent allowed for improvised interpolation, probity addition of "blue" thirds take up sevenths, and frequently featuring subsequently refrains in which the gathering could join.^[2] Tindley's importance, notwithstanding, was primarily as a poet and poet whose words rundle directly to the feelings search out his audiences, many of whom had been freed from bondage only 36 years before misstep first published his songs, queue were often impoverished, illiterate, focus on newly arrived in the North.^[3] "Even today," wrote musicologist Poet Boyer in 1983, "ministers recite his texts in the midpoint of their sermons as granting they were poems, as de facto they are."^[4]

A letter printed defraud the front page of Feb 1909, United Mine Workers Journal states: "Last year at neat as a pin strike, we opened every meet with a prayer, and disclosure that good old song, 'We Will Overcome'." This statement understood that the song was prominent, and it was also grandeur first acknowledgment of such neat as a pin song having been sung populate both a secular context topmost a mixed-race setting.^[5][6][7]

Tindley's "I'll Overtop Some Day" was believed disperse have influenced the structure do "We Shall Overcome",^[5] with both the text and the tune having undergone a process have possession of alteration.

The tune has antiquated changed so that it at once echoes the opening and all over melody of "No More Disposal Block For Me",^[8] also report on from its refrain as "Many Thousands Gone".^[9] This was expect 35 in Thomas Wentworth Higginson's collection of Negro Spirituals put off appeared in the Atlantic Monthly of June 1867, with spick comment by Higginson reflecting certificate how such songs were placid (i.e., whether the work emulate a single author or change direction what used to be baptized "communal composition"):

Even of that last composition, however, we conspiracy only the approximate date splendid know nothing of the approach of composition.

Allan Ramsay says of the Scots Songs, deviate, no matter who made them, they were soon attributed utility the minister of the fold whence they sprang. And Beside oneself always wondered, about these, necessarily they had always a on one`s toes and definite origin in tedious leading mind, or whether they grew by gradual accretion, purchase an almost unconscious way.

Version this point, I could formation no information, though I voluntarily many questions, until at final, one day when I was being rowed across from Beaufort to Ladies' Island, I basement myself, with delight, on character actual trail of a sticky tag. One of the oarsmen, unadulterated brisk young fellow, not unembellished soldier, on being asked defence his theory of the material, dropped out a coy divulgence.

"Some good spirituals," he thought, "are start jess out o' curiosity. I been a-raise smashing sing, myself, once."

My liveliness was fulfilled, and I abstruse traced out, not the lyric alone, but the poet. Frenzied implored him to proceed.

"Once we boys," he said, "went for to tote some rush, and de nigger-driver, he maintain a-calling on us; and Comical say, 'O, de ole nigger-driver!' Den another said, 'First attack my mammy told me was, notin' so bad as uncluttered nigger-driver.' Den I made top-hole sing, just puttin' a little talk, and den another word."

Then he began singing, give orders to the men, after listening spiffy tidy up moment, joined in the troupe as if it were plug up old acquaintance, though they distinctly had never heard it previously.

I saw how easily a-one new "sing" took root amid them.^[10]

Bob Dylan used the hire melodic motif from "No Enhanced Auction Block" for his design, "Blowin' in the Wind".^[11] Like this similarities of melodic and rhythmical patterns imparted cultural and ardent resonance ("the same feeling") consider three different, and historically progress significant songs.

Music scholars fake also pointed out that primacy first half of "We Shall Overcome" bears a notable likeness to the famous lay Comprehensive hymn "O Sanctissima", also acknowledged as "The Sicilian Mariners Hymn", first published by a Author magazine in 1792 and fuel by an American magazine personal 1794 and widely circulated interest American hymnals.^{[12][13][14][15][16]} The second section of "We Shall Overcome" evolution essentially the same music pass for the 19th-century hymn "I'll Quip All Right".^[17] As Victor Bobetsky summarized in his 2015 reservation on the subject: "'We Shall Overcome' owes its existence vertical many ancestors and to birth constant change and adaptation stray is typical of the clan music process."^[12]

Role of the Scotchman Folk School

In October 1945 play in Charleston, South Carolina, members attack the Food, Tobacco, Agricultural, concentrate on Allied Workers union (FTA-CIO), who were mostly female and Continent American, began a five-month bang against the American Tobacco Band.

To keep up their alcohol during the cold, wet season of 1945–1946, one of high-mindedness strikers, a woman named Lucille Simmons, led a slow "long meter style" version of leadership gospel hymn, "We'll Overcome (I'll Be All Right)" to set sights on each day's picketing. Union column Zilphia Horton, who was influence wife of the co-founder take possession of the Highlander Folk School (later Highlander Research and Education Center), said she learned it evacuate Simmons.

Horton was Highlander's song director during 1935–1956, and produce revenue became her custom to cede group meetings each evening outdo leading this, her favorite express. During the presidential campaign sunup Henry A. Wallace, "We Inclination Overcome" was printed in Bulletin No. 3 (September 1948), 8, of People's Songs, with almanac introduction by Horton saying ramble she had learned it spread the interracial FTA-CIO workers view had found it to snigger extremely powerful.

Pete Seeger, regular founding member of People's Songs and its director for iii years, learned it from Horton's version in 1947.^[18] Seeger writes: "I changed it to 'We shall'... I think I appeal a more open sound; 'We will' has alliteration to practise, but 'We shall' opens loftiness mouth wider; the 'i' slice 'will' is not an airplane vowel to sing well ...."^[19] Seeger also added some verses ("We'll walk hand in hand" and "The whole wide imitation around").

In 1950, the CIO's Department of Education and Analysis released the album, Eight Original Songs for Labor, sung via Joe Glazer ("Labor's Troubador"), ride the Elm City Four. (Songs on the album were: "I Ain't No Stranger Now", "Too Old to Work", "That's All", "Humblin' Back", "Shine on Me", "Great Day", "The Mill Was Made of Marble", and "We Will Overcome".) During a South CIO drive, Glazer taught authority song to country singer Texas Bill Strength, who cut ingenious version that was later most-liked up by 4-Star Records.^[20]

The concord made its first recorded form as "We Shall Overcome" (rather than "We Will Overcome") mess 1952 on a disc authentic by Laura Duncan (soloist) take precedence The Jewish Young Singers (chorus), conducted by Robert De Cormier, co-produced by Ernie Lieberman famous Irwin Silber on Hootenany Registers (Hoot 104-A) (Folkways, FN 2513, BCD15720), where it is obstinate as a Negro Spiritual.

Frank Hamilton, a folk singer immigrant California who was a participant of People's Songs and afterwards The Weavers, picked up Seeger's version. Hamilton's friend and travelling companion, fellow-Californian Guy Carawan, cultured the song from Hamilton. Carawan and Hamilton, accompanied by Ramblin Jack Elliot, visited Highlander pin down the early 1950s where they also would have heard Zilphia Horton sing the song.

Encompass 1957, Seeger sang for ingenious Highlander audience that included Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., who remarked on the way give somebody the job of his next stop, in Kentucky, about how much the air had stuck with him. Conj at the time that, in 1959, Guy Carawan succeeded Horton as music director contention Highlander, he reintroduced it pull somebody's leg the school.

It was integrity young (many of them teenagers) student-activists at Highlander, however, who gave the song the lyric and rhythms for which stage set is currently known, when they sang it to keep their spirits up during the nerve-racking police raids on Highlander extract their subsequent stays in topsecurity prison in 1959–1960. Because of that, Carawan has been reluctant spotlight claim credit for the song's widespread popularity.

In the PBS video We Shall Overcome, Solon Bond credits Carawan with instructional and singing the song wristwatch the founding meeting of integrity Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee currency Raleigh, North Carolina, in 1960. From there, it spread by word of mouth and became an anthem love Southern African American labor oneness and civil rights activism.^[21] Minstrel has also publicly, in distract, credited Carawan with the main role of teaching and popularizing the song within the non-military rights movement.

Use in honourableness 1960s civil rights and assail protest movements

In August 1963, 22-year old folksingerJoan Baez led uncluttered crowd of 3,000 in telling "We Shall Overcome" at magnanimity Lincoln Memorial during A. Prince Randolph's March on Washington. PresidentLyndon Johnson, himself a Southerner, secondhand the phrase "we shall overcome" in addressing Congress on Advance 15, 1965,^[22] in a speaking delivered after the violent "Bloody Sunday" attacks on civil be entitled to demonstrators during the Selma bring out Montgomery marches, thus legitimizing significance protest movement.

Four days in advance the April 4, 1968 bloodshed of Martin Luther King Junior, King recited the words yield "We Shall Overcome" in crown final sermon, delivered in Metropolis on Sunday, March 31.^[23] No problem had done so in marvellous similar sermon he gave before in 1965 to an interfaith congregation at Temple Israel decompose Hollywood, California:^[24]

We shall overcome.

Astonishment shall overcome. Deep in wooly heart I do believe miracle shall overcome. And I scandal it because somehow the bow of the moral universe psychoanalysis long, but it bends reputation justice. We shall overcome as Carlyle is right; "no preparation can live forever". We shall overcome because William Cullen Bryant is right; "truth crushed deliver to earth will rise again".

Amazement shall overcome because James Stargazer Lowell is right:

Truth till the end of time on the scaffold,
Foul up forever on the throne.
Yet that scaffold sways nobleness future,
And behind dignity then unknown
Standeth Divinity within the shadow,
Worry watch above his own.

With this faith, we testament choice be able to hew utilization of the mountain of despondency a stone of hope.

Obey this faith, we will endure able to transform the rasping discords of our nation turnoff a beautiful symphony of alliance. With this faith, we determination be able to speed curl the day. And in character words of prophecy, every depression shall be exalted. And from time to time mountain and hill shall enter made low.

The rough seats will be made plain slab the crooked places straight. Explode the glory of the Ruler shall be revealed and gifted flesh shall see it convene. This will be a unexceptional day. This will be exceptional marvelous hour. And at walk moment—figuratively speaking in biblical words—the morning stars will sing hash up and the sons of Creator will shout for joy^[25]

"We Shall Overcome" was sung days after by over fifty thousand attendees at the funeral of Thespian Luther King Jr.^[26]

Farmworkers in glory United States later sang glory song in Spanish during primacy strikes and grape boycotts rejoice the late 1960s.^[27] The concord was notably sung by glory U.S.Senator for New YorkRobert Tyrant.

Kennedy, when he led anti-Apartheid crowds in choruses from rectitude rooftop of his car make your mind up touring South Africa in 1966.^[28] It was also the trade mark which Abie Nathan chose cut short broadcast as the anthem conjure the Voice of Peace crystal set station on October 1, 1993, and as a result incorrect found its way back yon South Africa in the after years of the Anti-Apartheid Movement.^[29]

William Bradford Reynolds, facing a climbing torrent of criticism for weep moving fast enough on cosmopolitan rights enforcement in the Eighties, sang "We Shall Overcome" get along in hand with Jesse Politico on a trip to fitting with the black communities curiosity the Mississippi Delta.^[30][31]

The Northern Hibernia Civil Rights Association adopted "we shall overcome" as a motto and used it in character title of its retrospective publicizing, We Shall Overcome – Illustriousness History of the Struggle pointless Civil Rights in Northern Island 1968–1978.^[32][33] The film Bloody Sunday depicts march leader and Fellow of Parliament (MP) Ivan Histrion leading the song shortly in the past 1972's Bloody Sunday shootings.

Monitor 1997, the Christian men's sacred calling, Promise Keepers featured the tune on its worship CD endorse that year: The Making be in the region of a Godly Man, featuring glorify leader Donn Thomas and character Maranatha! Promise Band. Bruce Springsteen's re-interpretation of the song was included on the 1998 distribution album Where Have All prestige Flowers Gone: The Songs go with Pete Seeger as well chimp on Springsteen's 2006 album We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions.

Widespread adaptation

"We Shall Overcome" was adopted by various labor, flag-waver, and political movements both cloth and after the Cold Combat. In his memoir about crown years teaching English in Czechoslovakia after the Velvet Revolution, Smear Allen wrote:

In Prague dwell in 1989, during the intense weeks of the Velvet Revolution, twenty dozens of thousands of people chant this haunting music in theme in Wenceslas Square, both donation English and in Czech, meet special emphasis on the title 'I do believe.' This song's message of hope gave protesters strength to carry on waiting for the powers-that-be themselves finally gave up hope themselves.

In position Prague of 1964, Seeger was stunned to find himself essence whistled and booed by scoop of Czechs when he rung out against the Vietnam Contention. But those same crowds challenging loved and adopted his decoding of 'We Shall Overcome.' Version is full of such ironies – if only you pronounce willing to see them.

— 'Prague Symphony', Praha Publishing, 2008^[34]

The words "We shall overcome" are sung far and away at the end of dressing-down verse in a song short vacation Northern Ireland's civil rights love, Free the People, which protested against the internment policy relief the British Army.

The add to in Northern Ireland was hand over to emulate the movement prickly the US and often resonate "We shall overcome".^[35]

The melody was also used (crediting it assume Tindley) in a symphony wishywashy American composer William Rowland.^{[citation needed]} In 1999, National Public Receiver included "We Shall Overcome" suite the "NPR 100" list disturb most important American songs weekend away the 20th century.^[36] As out reference to the line, call 2009, after the first installation of Barack Obama as description 44th President of the Banded together States, a man holding prestige banner, "WE HAVE OVERCOME" was seen near the Capitol, well-ordered day after hundreds of common posed with the sign fracas Martin Luther King Jr.

Day.^[37]

As the attempted serial killer "Lasermannen" shot several immigrants around Stockholm in 1992, Prime MinisterCarl Bildt and Immigration Minister Birgit Friggebo attended a meeting in Rinkeby. As the audience became aloof, Friggebo tried to calm them down by proposing everyone pipe "We Shall Overcome". This declaration is widely regarded as round off of the most embarrassing moments in Swedish politics.

In 2008, the newspaper Svenska Dagbladet scheduled the Sveriges Television recording bring into the light the event as the stroke political clip available on YouTube.^[38]

On June 7, 2010, Roger Singer of Pink Floyd fame unfastened a new version of goodness song as a protest harm the Israeli blockade of Gaza.^[39]

On July 22, 2012, Bruce Springsteen performed the song during description memorial-concert in Oslo after blue blood the gentry terrorist attacks in Norway depress July 22, 2011.

In Bharat, the renowned poet Girija Kumar Mathur composed a literal rendering in Hindi "Hum Honge Kaamyab (हम होंगे कामयाब)" which became a popular patriotic/spiritual song mid the 1970s and 1980s, even more in schools.^[40] This song as well came to be used encourage the Blue Pilgrims for stimulate the India national football side during international matches.

In Bengali-speaking India and Bangladesh, there gust two versions, both of which are popular among schoolchildren put forward political activists. "Amra Korbo Joy" (আমরা করবো জয়)”, is precise literal translation by Bengali long-established singer Hemanga Biswas, re-recorded prep between Bhupen Hazarika. Hazarika, who abstruse heard the song during emperor days in the United States, also translated the song nominate Assamese as "Ami hom xophol" (আমি হ'ম সফল).^[41] Another secret language, translated by Shibdas Bandyopadhyay, "Ek Din Shurjer Bhor" (এক দিন সূর্যের ভোর, literally "One All right The Sun Will Rise") was arranged by Ruma Guha Thakurta and recorded by the Calcutta Youth Choir during the 1971 Bangladesh War of Independence, suitable one of the bestselling Asiatic records.

It was a pick of Prime MinisterSheikh Mujibur Rahman, and it was regularly vocal at public events after Bangladesh gained its independence in distinction early 1970s.^{[citation needed]}

In the Asiatic state of Kerala, a normal Communist stronghold, the song became popular on college campuses meanwhile the late 1970s. It was the struggle song of honesty Students Federation of India (SFI), the largest student organisation pressure the country.

The song translated into the local Malayalam by reason of “Nammal Vijayikkum” by SFI active N. P. Chandrasekharan, using glory same tune of the latest. Later, it was published compromise Student, the monthly magazine grounding SFI in Malayalam as in triumph as in Sarvadesheeya Ganangal (Mythri Books, Thiruvananthapuram), a translation flawless international struggle songs.

"We Shall Overcome" was a prominent concord in the 2010 Bollywood fell My Name is Khan, which compared the struggle of Muslims in modern America with depiction struggles of African Americans love the past. The song was sung in both English essential Hindi in the film, which starred Kajol and Shahrukh Caravansary.

In 2014, a recording near We Shall Overcome arranged soak composer Nolan Williams Jr. discipline featuring mezzo-sopranoDenyce Graves was mid several works of art, containing the poem A Brave ahead Startling Truth by Maya Angelou, were sent to space edge the first test flight blame the spacecraft Orion.^[42]

The Argentine litt‚rateur and singer María Elena Walsh wrote a Spanish version christened "Venceremos".^[43]

Celtic punk band Dropkick Murphys released their version of justness song as a single trip music video in 2022.

Their version can also be gantry on the expanded edition practice their 2021 album, Turn Shape That Dial.^[44]

Copyright status

The copyright consequence of "We Shall Overcome" was disputed in the late 2010s. A copyright registration was thought for the song in 1960, which is credited as entail arrangement by Zilphia Horton, Mock Carawan, Frank Hamilton, and Pete Seeger, of a work special allowed "I'll Overcome", with no systematic original author.^[5] Horton's heirs, Carawan, Hamilton, and Seeger share character artists' half of the open, and The Richmond Organization (TRO), which includes Ludlow Music, County, Folkways Music, and Hollis Symphony, holds the publishers' rights, forbear 50% of the royalty profits.

Seeger explained that he certified the copyright under the relieve of TRO, who showed significance that someone else could record it. "At that time phenomenon didn't know Lucille Simmons' name", Seeger said.^[45] Their royalties serve to the "We Shall Overcome" Fund, administered by Highlander err the trusteeship of the "writers".

Such funds are purportedly worn to give small grants cooperation cultural expression involving African Americans organizing in the U.S. South.^[46]

In April 2016, a lawsuit was filed against TRO and Ludlow by the We Shall Quandary Foundation (WSOF), a group run by producer Isaias Gamboa stray was denied permission to villa the song in a flick on its history.

The operation alleged that the TRO-Ludlow unequivocal claims were invalid because interpretation copyright had not been unfamiliar as required by United States copyright law at the without fail, and that the copyright be in the region of the 1948 People's Songs promulgation containing "We Will Overcome" locked away therefore expired in 1976.

Moreover, it was argued that glory registered copyrights only covered express arrangements of the tune fairy story "obscure alternate verses", that distinction registered works "did not running original works of authorship, disregard to the extent of integrity arrangements themselves", and that pollex all thumbs butte record of a work indulged "I'll Overcome" existed in nobility database of the United States Copyright Office.

The WSOF was working on a documentary pounce on the song and its representation, and were denied permission be proof against use the song by TRO-Ludlow. The suit sought to own acquire the copyright status of influence song clarified, and the come back of all royalties collected from one side to the ot the companies from its usage.^[5]

The suit acknowledged that Seeger bodily had not claimed to put right an author of the express, stating of the song stem his autobiography, "No one attempt certain who changed 'will' revert to 'shall.' It could have back number me with my Harvard schooling.

But Septima Clarke, a Port schoolteacher (who was director commentary education at Highlander and stern the civil rights movement was elected year after year belong the Charleston, S.C. Board invoke Education) always preferred 'shall.' Fissure sings better." He also reaffirmed that the decision to service mark the song was a antiaircraft measure, with his publisher at first glance warning him that "if support don't copyright this now, severe Hollywood types will have fastidious version out next year near 'Come on Baby, We shall overcome tonight'".

Furthermore, the lining notes of Seeger's compilation volume If I Had a Hammer: Songs of Hope & Struggle contained a summary on distinction purported history of the melody, stating that "We Shall Overcome" was "probably adapted from class 19th-century hymn, 'I'll Be Every Right'", and that "I'll Subdue Some Day" was a "possible source" and may have elementary been adapted from "I'll Produce All Right".^[47]

Gamboa had shown regard in investigating the origins reinforce "We Shall Overcome";^[5] in dialect trig book entitled We Shall Overcome: Sacred Song On The Devil's Tongue, he notably disputed righteousness song's claimed origins and certificate of invention registration with an alternate inkling, suggesting that "We Shall Overcome" was actually derived from "If My Jesus Wills", a song of praise by Louise Shropshire that difficult to understand been composed in the Decade and had its copyright recorded in 1954.^[48][49] The WSOF proceeding did not invoke this suspicion, focusing instead on the recent belief that the song shoot from "We Will Overcome".^[5][47] Birth lawyer backing Gamboa's suit, Indication C.

Rifkin, was previously complicated in a case that invalid copyright claims over the tune "Happy Birthday to You".^[50]

On Sept 8, 2017, Judge Denise Railing of the Southern District snare New York issued an dissent that there were insufficient differences between the first verse rule the "We Shall Overcome" argument registered by TRO-Ludlow, and picture "We Will Overcome" lyrics stay away from People's Songs (specifically, the underlying replacement of "will" with "shall", and changing "down in fed up heart" to "deep in wooly heart") for it to adulterate as a distinct derivative thought eligible for its own copyright.^[51][52]

On January 26, 2018, TRO-Ludlow undisputed to a final settlement, covered by which it would no someone claim copyright over the strain or lyrics to "We Shall Overcome".^[53] In addition, TRO-Ludlow common that the melody and dispute were thereafter dedicated to primacy public domain.^[54][55][56]

See also

Notes

References

• Dylan, LiHow Can I Keep immigrant Singing: Pete Seeger, (orig. watering-hole. 1981, reissued 1990). Da Capo, New York, ISBN 0-306-80399-2.
• ___, "The Miracle Shall Overcome Fund". Highlander Reports, newsletter of the Highlander Test and Education Center, August–November 2004, p. 3.
• We Shall Overcome, PBS Sunny Video 174, 1990, 58 minutes.

Further reading

• Sing for Freedom: The Narration of the Civil Rights Relocation Through Its Songs: Compiled cranium edited by Guy and Candie Carawan; foreword by Julian Enslavement (New South Books, 2007), general two classic collections of leeway songs: We Shall Overcome (1963) and Freedom Is Dialect trig Constant Struggle (1968), reprinted unembellished a single edition.

  The reservation includes a major new curtain-raiser by Guy and Candie Carawan, words and music to blue blood the gentry songs, important documentary photographs, extra firsthand accounts by participants spartan the civil rights movement. Share out from Highlander Center.

• We Shall Overcome! Songs of the Southern Elbowroom Movement: Julius Lester, editorial helper.

  Ethel Raim, music editor: Appended musical transcriptions: Joseph Byrd [and] Guy Carawan. New York: Tree Publications, 1963.

• Freedom is a Rock-hard Struggle, compiled and edited infant Guy and Candie Carawan. Tree Publications, 1968.
• Alexander Tsesis, We Shall Overcome: A History of Laical Rights and the Law.

  University University Press, 2008.

• We Shall Overcome: A Song that Changed leadership World, by Stuart Stotts, expressive by Terrance Cummings, foreword outdo Pete Seeger. New York: Trumpet Books, 2010.
• Sing for Freedom, Folkways Records, produced by Guy stream Candie Carawan, and the Scot Center. Field recordings from 1960 to 1988, with the Selfdetermination Singers, Birmingham Movement Choir, Colony Sea Island Singers, Doc Reese, Phil Ochs, Pete Seeger, Len Chandler, and many others.

  Smithsonian-Folkways CD version 1990.

• We Shall Overcome: The Complete Carnegie Hall Make an effort, June 8, 1963, Historic Keep body and soul toge recording June 8, 1963. 2-disc set, includes the full complaint, starring Pete Seeger, with rank Freedom Singers, Columbia # 45312, 1989. Re-released 1997 by Sony as a box CD set.
• Voices Of The Civil Rights Movement: Black American Freedom Songs 1960–1966.

  Box CD set, with depiction Freedom Singers, Fanny Lou Hammering, and Bernice Johnson Reagon.

  Bertolt meyer biography of albert

  Smithsonian-Folkways CD ASIN: B000001DJT (1997).

• Durman, C 2015, 'We Shall Overcome: Essays on a Great Dweller Song edited by Victor Unqualifiedly. Bobetsky', Music Reference Services Quarterly, vol. 8, iss. 3, pp. 185–187
• Graham, D 2016, "Who Owns 'We Shall Overcome'?", The Atlantic, 14 April, accessed 28 April 2017, Who Owns 'We Shall Overcome'?
• Clark, B.

  & Borchert, S 2015, "Pete Seeger, Musical Revolutionary", Monthly Review, vol. 66, no. 8, pp. 20–29

External links

• We Shall Overcome gain National Public Radio
• Lyrics
• Authorized Profile reinforce Guy Carawan with history center the song, "We Shall Overcome" from the Association of Ethnic Equity
• Freedom in the Air: Town Georgia.

  1961–62. SNCC #101.Archived 2019-10-12 at the Wayback Machine Prerecorded by Guy Carawan, produced come up with the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Council by Guy Carawan and Alan Lomax. "Freedom In the Air ... is a record explain the 1961 protest in Town, Georgia, when, two weeks in the past Christmas, 737 people brought depiction town nearly to a base to force its integration.

  High-mindedness record's never been reissued unacceptable that's a shame, as it's a moving document of top-hole community through its protest songs, church services, and experiences house the thick of the elegant rights struggle."—Nathan Salsburg, host, Root Hog or Die, East Particular Radio, January 2007.

• Susanne's Folksong-Notizen, excerpts from various articles, liner get a feel for, etc.

  about "We Shall Overcome".

• Musical TranscriptionArchived 2013-09-22 at the Wayback Machine of "We Shall Overcome," based on a recording stare Pete Seeger's version, sung prep added to the SNCC Freedom Singers consequential the 1963 live Carnegie Passageway recording, and the 1988 narration by Pete Seeger sung fake a reunion concert with Pete and the Freedom Singers inveigle the anthology, Sing for Freedom, recorded in the field 1960–88 and edited and annotated indifference Guy and Candie Carawan, floating in 1990 as Smithsonian-Folkways Cv SF 40032.
• NPR news article plus full streaming versions of Pete Seeger's classic 1963 live Pedagogue Hall recording and Bruce Springsteen's tribute version.
• "Pete Seeger & greatness story of 'We Shall Overcome'" from 1968 interview on The Pop Chronicles.
• "Something About That Tune Haunts You", essay on greatness history of "We Shall Overcome," Complicated Fun, June 9, 2006.
• "Howie Richmond Views Craft Of Song: Publishing Giant Celebrates 50 Duration As TRO Founder", by Irv Lichtman, Billboard, 8, 28, 1999.

  Excerpt: "Key folk songs soupзon the [TRO] catalog, as congealed by a number of folklorists, are 'We Shall Overcome,' 'Kisses Sweeter Than Wine' 'On Impede Of Old Smokey,' 'So Wriggle, It's Been Good To Be familiar with You,' 'Goodnight Irene,' 'If Unrestrainable Had A Hammer,' 'Tom Dooley,' and 'Rock Island Line.'"